JADE (JAVA AUSTRALIAN DYNAMIC EXPERIMENT) PROGRAM is a joint Indonesia - French with its counterpart from University Paris VI, CNRS, in the field of physical oceanography The main objective is to study the throughflow between The Pacific ocean and Indian ocean, which represents a fundamental link as well in the study of the general oceanic circulation (WOCE programme) as in the climatic studies that are link to it (TOGA programme, Global Change, CLIVAR). The JADE program started in 1989 using R/V Marion Dupresne and following in 1992. There are 4 (four) cruises using R/V Baruna Jaya to retrieve moorings around Timor Channel, Ombai Strait and to carry hydrological work data around Timor and, Sawu Sea in 1990, 1992, and 1993, and 1995. We will continuing the same program in first month of 1996 using Baruna Jaya IV.
Indonesia, through the National Coordination Agency for Surveying and Mapping (BAKOSURTANAL) has established permanent tide gauge network (strip chart and paper punch type) since the year of 1972. Up to now, 26 tide gauges existed. The distribution of the gauges across Indonesian is shown on Figure 1. In cooperation with Script Institute of Oceanography, US, 6 (Six) meter tide gauge mooring around Ombai and Lombok strait, has also been installed on November 1995.
In the near future, Seawatch Indonesia Program will establish monitoring, forecasting and information system within the framework of Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). The system has the capability of detecting the development of walker circulation in the western part of Indonesia. One of the objectives of the program is to construct observatory buoys, and its data management system. The three buoys will be located at Malacca strait (northern coast of Belawan) and Java Sea (Northern coast of Jakarta and Southern coast of Masalembo Island). The system could also served as a monitoring facility of SST and other weather condition.
3. CLIVAR PROGRAM
CLIVAR is the extend of the previous programs related to climate prediction such as TOGA and WOCE. TOGA, with its Intensive Observation Period (IOP) observations located in the western Pacific ocean is a period of enhance monitoring activities. The Observation during this period (4 months) provide a set of a high quality data momentum, heat and moisture fluxes of the Atmosphere-Ocean System in the warm pool regions. The result is seasonal to interannual climate prediction models. To improve the accuracy of the climate prediction models developed. CLIVAR program will extend the study into the interactions with the Indian Ocean, including the Indonesia Maritime Continent. Through this program the accuracy of the models resulted from TOGA Program will be improved.
Climate related research activities in Indonesia planned to utilize coupled model developed by CSIRO using the result of TOGA Program to study the impact of maritime continent, Indonesia on global circulation, and to validate the regional domain model into the local model with a better spatial resolution. The objective of CLIVAR program is in line with the Indonesian climate related research.
4. Proposed CLIVAR Related Project
Climate in Indonesia is influenced by Asian monsoon in which the failure of the monsoon has a direct influence to agriculture and other activities. In fact, there are a large variability, both in the onset of the season and the quantity of rainfall seasonal rainfall. This is due to the fact that the energy and hydrological processes plays an important role in the fining the seasonal rainfall condition. Global Circulation Model is one alternative to
